The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.